Z-Wave is a low-power wireless protocol for smart home devices, operating below one gigahertz in most regions and forming a mesh network through mains-powered nodes. It suits locks, sensors, thermostats and lighting controls, and it needs a compatible hub to coordinate devices.
Z-Wave was built for devices that sleep on a battery, not for streaming video. That constraint explains both its reliability for sensors and its unsuitability for cameras.
Mesh and range
Each mains-powered device can relay for others, extending coverage past the reach of a single link. Battery devices do not relay, so the mesh depends on enough permanently powered nodes in useful places.
Interference and coexistence
Operating below Wi-Fi and Zigbee frequencies reduces contention, though building materials and metal enclosures still block it. Pair devices before mounting them permanently, and check the route again after installation.